中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
浙江“解题”共同富裕：把缩小三大差距作为主攻方向******
中新网杭州1月12日电(记者 项菁)五年来，浙江城乡居民人均可支配收入继续稳居各省区第1位，城乡居民收入倍差从2.04缩小到1.94以内。聚焦共同富裕愿景，今后五年，该省把缩小三大差距作为主攻方向，目标到2027年城乡居民收入倍差缩小到1.9以内。
浙江省第十四届人民代表大会第一次会议12日在杭州开幕，浙江省省长王浩作政府工作报告时透露上述信息。
“十四五”开局，浙江被赋予高质量发展建设共同富裕示范区的使命。共同富裕作为一场以缩小地区差距、城乡差距、收入差距为标志的社会变革，浙江之所以能够先行先试，关键原因在于上述三大差距较小。
也由此，对于探路共富的浙江而言，缩小三大差距仍是主攻点。
发展进程中，区域间有山海之别。浙江则加大统筹区域发展力度，提升协调发展水平。
浙江省第十四届人民代表大会第一次会议开幕 张斌 摄过去一年，该省推动杭州宁波唱好“双城记”、四大都市区和中心城市协同发展。同时探索山区海岛县高质量发展新路子，26个“产业飞地”落地建设，山区26县生产总值增速高于浙江全省平均。
浙江，七山一水二分田，曾让“山”与“海”之间横亘着一条区域发展不平衡不充分的沟壑。为发挥“山”与“海”的特色优势，浙江实施“山海协作工程”，推动陆海统筹、山海互济。
2022年是浙江“山海协作工程”实施20周年。迈过“新起点”，浙江如何持续提高区域协调发展水平？
政府工作报告指出，今后五年，浙江要推动山区海岛县高质量发展，实施新一轮“山海协作”，加强新型帮共体建设，提高“产业飞地”“科创飞地”“消薄飞地”建设质效；精准迭代“一县一策”，推动山区县做强“一县一业”主导产业、海岛县完善“一岛一功能”布局体系。
县城连接着城与乡，既是城镇化的主战场，也是缩小地区差距、城乡差距的支撑点。
未来五年，浙江将聚焦增强县城产业平台带动能力、基础设施支撑能力、公共服务保障能力、生态环境承载能力，支持县城做大做强特色主导产业，完善交通、水电气等基础设施，优化教育、医疗、养老等公共服务供给，提升人居环境质量。
“到2027年县城人口占县域比重年均提高0.8个百分点，努力打造以县城为重要载体的城镇化建设示范省。”王浩如是说。
迈向共同富裕，把好“公平”之秤，农村谓之关键。
五年来，浙江城乡一体化步伐加快。2022年该省推进强村富民乡村集成改革，集体经济年经营性收入50万元以上行政村比例超过50%。
王浩提到，今后五年，浙江将全面推进宜居宜业和美乡村建设，提高乡村基础设施完备度、公共服务便利度、人居环境舒适度，“让农民就地过上现代文明生活”。
在深化“千村示范、万村整治”工程方面，今年该省将创建和美乡村示范县10个、示范带22条；发展壮大新型农村集体经济，年收入30万元以上且经营性收入15万元以上的行政村占比超过90%。
共同富裕关乎城乡发展，亦涉及分配问题。构建“橄榄型”分配结构是共同富裕的重要标志，浙江深谙。
政府工作报告指出，2022年浙江城乡居民人均可支配收入分别增长4.1%、6.6%。未来五年，浙江要千方百计增加群众收入、增进民生福祉。
从就业维度看，该省将完善重点群体就业创业支持政策，加强新时代浙江工匠培育，深化职业技能培训，强化灵活就业和新就业形态劳动者权益保障，推动更多低收入群众进入中等收入群体行列。同时健全工资合理增长机制，最低工资标准最高档年均增长7%左右。(完)
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