铁路编组站内的“分拣员”：为年货运输开辟“快速通道”******
(新春走基层)铁路编组站内的“分拣员”：为年货运输开辟“快速通道”
中新网南昌1月7日电 题：铁路编组站内的“分拣员”：为年货运输开辟“快速通道”
记者 李韵涵
“26073次列车推上来了，提钩室准备解体。”1月6日，在2023年春运前夕的向塘西编组站，一列待解体的货物列车缓缓地被推上驼峰，这是中国铁路南昌局集团有限公司向塘西车站下行运转车间连结员刘利衡当天白班的第15趟作业。只见他在列车推进过程中轻巧地一拉一提，紧握的车钩随即分开，一节节车厢越过峰顶顺势而下，奔向不同股道。
向塘西站位于京九、沪昆、昌福线的交会处，而驼峰则是向塘西站运输生产的“心脏”。 李琼 摄向塘西站位于京九、沪昆、昌福线的交会处，而驼峰则是向塘西站运输生产的“心脏”。在向塘西站下行到达场内，南来北往的货物列车整齐排列，20余条钢轨向下行驼峰处会聚。这里解编作业是否安全高效，直接影响全局的车流周转效率。
通过驼峰完成解体作业的都是一列列满载年货的货物列车，而工作在这里的驼峰连结员们就是年货的“分拣员”，将一辆辆去往不同方向的车厢按照计划溜放至不同股道，等待编组出发。
向塘西站位于京九、沪昆、昌福线的交会处，而驼峰则是向塘西站运输生产的“心脏”。 李琼 摄据了解，向塘西车站担负着中国华东地区铁路货物列车的解编任务，是全国路网性编组站之一。春节期间，车站每天要完成上万辆货物车辆的接发和解编作业，这里面装载的大多是运往全国各地的粮油米面、服装食品等年货物资。为了加快年货运输周转效率，向塘西车站统筹安排线路使用，合理分配车流，为年货运输开辟“快速通道”。
连结员刘利衡在股道间来回奔忙，穿梭于车厢连接处。虽已是寒冬，但他依旧干得满身热气蒸腾。
驼峰连结员在平时作业时要拿着一根长约2米、重约3公斤、带着钢叉的木棍，用于解开车辆间连结的风管。他们将木棍伸入车档间，精准地判断出风管接头的位置，然后凭借巧劲，一托一拉，风管便被顺利解开了。
到了晚上，视线不佳，车档之间更是一片漆黑。留给连结员解开风管的时间很短，刘利衡和同事们需要在较短的时间内进行“盲解”，凭借着对推峰速度和风管位置的准确判断，在黑暗中将风管解开。
一节节车厢越过峰顶顺势而下，奔向不同股道。 李琼 摄“驼峰是编组场的核心，驼峰连结员就是安全大门的守护者。我的任务就是确保每一节从我这里通过的车厢都能安全下峰。”谈到自己的岗位，刘利衡眼神里流露出的是热爱和对安全的坚守。
经过一整天的忙碌，夜幕已徐徐降临。18时30分，驼峰终于迎来片刻宁静。“40217次列车解体，提钩室准备作业。”电台声响起，这是当天白班的最后一趟作业了。刘利衡紧了紧扣在胸前的联控电台，撸起袖子快速奔向作业场。一个白班下来，经过刘利衡和同事们的努力，他们共完成了28趟列车的解体作业。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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